Red salmon is distributed in the circumpolar regions along the coasts of Europe and America, as well as on islands in the Arctic, and is the farthest freshwater fish to penetrate the Arctic region. In the Arctic water system, this species is mainly of the upstream type, but there are also settled types in some lakes and marshes. The upstream red salmon can grow up to 70 centimeters in length and weigh up to 4 kilograms. On Novaya Zemlya, red salmon winter in the lakes and marshes upstream of the river. From June to July, they begin to swim into the sea, and adult red salmon in the sea feed mainly on various small fish. The juvenile of red salmon is mainly distributed in salty and freshwater lakes and downstream rivers, feeding on larvae of the Chironomidae family, water jumping insects, and copepods. As they grow, they mainly feed on flying insects when they are larger.